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31.10.2012, 07:29

Mathematisches Modell der Diffusion der Neolithischen Revolution: 40% Anteil an Übernahme der Lebensweise durch Jäger und Sammler, 60% durch räumliche Ausbreitung der Ackerbauern. Ausbreitungsrate der Linearbandkeramischen Kultur: 0,8 km/Jahr.

Zitat:

Synthesis between demic and cultural diffusion in the Neolithic transition in Europe

Joaquim Fort

Complex Systems Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Girona, ES-17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain

Edited by Marcus W. Feldman, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, and accepted by the Editorial Board October 2, 2012 (received for review January 12, 2012)

Abstract

There is a long-standing controversy between two models of the Neolithic transition. The demic model assumes that the Neolithic range expansion was mainly due to the spread of populations, and the cultural model considers that it was essentially due to the spread of ideas. Here we integrate the demic and cultural models in a unified framework. We show that cultural diffusion explains ∼40% of the spread rate of the Neolithic transition in Europe, as implied by archaeological data. Thus, cultural diffusion cannot be neglected, but demic diffusion was the most important mechanism in this major historical process at the continental scale. This quantitative approach can be useful also in regional analysis, the description of Neolithic transitions in other continents, and models of many human spread phenomena.